Clinical psychology employee numbers in Germany 2012-2022

The Federal Employment Agency in Germany (Bundesagentur für Arbeit) defines those subject to social insurance contribution as follows:
“Employees subject to social insurance contribution include all employees who are subject to pay medical, pension, long term care insurance and/ or are liable to contribution based on employment promotion laws or who are obliged to pay shares for state pension insurance or based on employment promotion laws. This includes, in particular, trainees, old-age part-time employees, interns, working students and persons who are summoned from an occupation subject to social insurance contribution to complete official state duty (such as duty training). In contrast, employees not subject to social insurance contribution are civil servants, self-employed persons, assisting family members, professional and regular soldiers, as well as persons completing military and community service (see exception listed above).” As of February 2011.